Maxime Soubeyrand, Marine Dupassieux, Philippe Marchand. Des feuillus tempérés dans les forêts Abitibiennes? 2022. Le Couvert Boréal été p.16
Anoj Subedi, Miguel Montoro Girona, Philippe Marchand. Impacts de la tordeuse des bourgeons de l’épinette et des changements climatiques sur la croissance des arbres. 2022. Le Couvert Boréal été p.13
Zinsou Max Debaly, Philippe Marchand, Miguel Montoro Girona. Autoregressive models for time series of random sums of positive variables: Application to tree growth as a function of climate and insect outbreak. 2022. Ecological Modelling 471:110053
DOI : 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.110053
We present a broad class of semi-parametric models for time series of random sums of positive variables. Our methodology allows the number of terms inside the sum to be time-varying and is therefore well suited to many examples encountered in the natural sciences. We study the stability properties of the models and provide a valid statistical inference procedure to estimate the model parameters. It is shown that the proposed quasi-maximum likelihood estimator is consistent and asymptotically Gaussian distributed. This work is complemented by simulation results and applied to time series representing growth rates of white spruce (Picea glauca) trees from a few dozen sites in Québec (Canada). This time series spans 41 years, including one major spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) outbreak between 1968 and 1991. We found significant growth reductions related to budworm-induced defoliation up to two years post-outbreak. Our results also revealed the positive effects of maximum summer temperature, precipitation, and the climate moisture index on white spruce growth. We also identified the negative effects of the climate moisture index in the spring and the maximum temperature of the previous summer. However, the model’s performance on this data set was not improved when the interactions between climate and defoliation on growth were considered. This study represents a major advance in our understanding of budworm–climate–tree interactions and provides a useful tool to project the combined effects of climate and insect defoliation on tree growth in a context of greater frequency and severity of outbreaks coupled with the anticipated increases in temperature.
Kobra Maleki, Philippe Marchand, Danielle Charron, Benoit Lafleur, Yves Bergeron. A 249‐yr chronosequence of forest plots from eight successive fires in the Eastern Canada boreal mixedwoods. 2021. Ecology 102(5):e03306
DOI : 10.1002/ecy.3306
A combination of wildfires and defoliating insect outbreaks play an important role in the natural successional dynamics of North American boreal mixedwood forests, which, in the long term, change the post‐disturbance composition and structure of forest stands. After stand‐replacing disturbances (mainly wildfires), early successional hardwoods typically dominate the affected areas. Provided enough time following disturbances, the increasing recruitment of mid‐ to late‐successional softwoods as well as the mortality of hardwoods gradually change forest composition from hardwoods to admixtures of hardwood‐conifer species and conifer‐dominated stands in mid and late successional stages, respectively. Such mixedwoods are abundant across the southern Canadian boreal forest. In boreal Canada, mixedwoods are the most structurally heterogeneous forest ecosystems, are highly productive, and form an important source of timber supply. Here we present the EASTERN BOREAL MIXEDWOODS CANADA data set, which documents the changes in composition and structure of stands originating from eight different wildfires representing a chronosequence of 249 yr since fire in eastern Canada. This data set has been used in several different projects to study and model the influence of natural (e.g., insect outbreaks) and anthropogenic disturbances (e.g., harvesting) on the dynamics of post‐fire stands. The data set covers a high range of variability in stand composition and structure, explained by species establishment, dominance, and mixture. It thus constitutes a useful source of information to trace the dynamics of the main boreal tree species of eastern North America, from their establishment to their replacement at different spatial scales (e.g., from stand to landscape level). Please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using the data. We are open to collaborate in developing or co‐authoring relevant research projects based on this data set.
Marc Mazerolle, Mariano Feldman, Nicole J. Fenton, Marcel Darveau, Philippe Marchand, Louis Imbeau. Trends and gaps in the use of citizen science derived data as input for species distribution models: A quantitative review 2021. PlosOne 16(3):e0234587
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0234587
Citizen science (CS) currently refers to the participation of non-scientist volunteers in any discipline of conventional scientific research. Over the last two decades, nature-based CS has flourished due to innovative technology, novel devices, and widespread digital platforms used to collect and classify species occurrence data. For scientists, CS offers a low-cost approach of collecting species occurrence information at large spatial scales that otherwise would be prohibitively expensive. We examined the trends and gaps linked to the use of CS as a source of data for species distribution models (SDMs), in order to propose guidelines and highlight solutions. We conducted a quantitative literature review of 207 peer-reviewed articles to measure how the representation of different taxa, regions, and data types have changed in SDM publications since the 2010s. Our review shows that the number of papers using CS for SDMs has increased at approximately double the rate of the overall number of SDM papers. However, disparities in taxonomic and geographic coverage remain in studies using CS. Western Europe and North America were the regions with the most coverage (73%). Papers on birds (49%) and mammals (19.3%) outnumbered other taxa. Among invertebrates, flying insects including Lepidoptera, Odonata and Hymenoptera received the most attention. Discrepancies between research interest and availability of data were as especially important for amphibians, reptiles and fishes. Compared to studies on animal taxa, papers on plants using CS data remain rare. Although the aims and scope of papers are diverse, species conservation remained the central theme of SDM using CS data. We present examples of the use of CS and highlight recommendations to motivate further research, such as combining multiple data sources and promoting local and traditional knowledge. We hope our findings will strengthen citizen-researchers partnerships to better inform SDMs, especially for less-studied taxa and regions. Researchers stand to benefit from the large quantity of data available from CS sources to improve global predictions of species distributions.
Maxence Martin, Yan Boucher, Philippe Marchand, Hubert Morin, Nicole J. Fenton. Forest management has reduced the structural diversity of residual boreal old-growth forest landscapes in Eastern Canada. 2020. For. Ecol. Manage. 458:117765
DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117765
The impact of traditional even-aged forest management on landscape age structure, tree composition, and connectivity has been well documented. Very little, however, is known about the impact on stand structural diversity. This study aims to compare the structural and abiotic characteristics of forest stands disturbed by clearcut logging and by stand-replacing fire in Quebec’s boreal landscapes. We hypothesized that unlike fire, logging specifically targeted stands having a higher economic value, i.e., merchantable volume, leaving altered forest characteristics on post-harvested landscapes. We compared two aerial forest surveys of a 2200 km2 study area, one survey completed before any logging activity (preindustrial survey; 1980s), and the second survey collected >10 years after logging activity (modern survey; 2000s). Forest stands at the time of the preindustrial survey were primary forests. We identified stands as either burned, logged, or left aside after forest management of the area (remaining stands) between the two surveys and compared their structural and abiotic characteristics using logistic regression. The structural and abiotic characteristics of burned and logged stands differed significantly. Relative to the burned stands, logged stands were older, denser, and marked by poorer drainage and a higher proportion of black spruce; therefore post-harvest and post-burn landscapes differed in terms of their structural diversities. Traditional even-aged forest management has significantly altered the boreal forest landscape by targeting specific stands having higher economic value and leaving behind stands of lower economic value. Remaining high economic stands should be protected, and a more balanced approach to harvesting must be used in the context of ecosystem-based management.
Sophie Laliberté, Philippe Marchand. En rafale : sur quoi nos chercheurs travaillent-ils? 2019. Le Couvert Boréal (édition printemps), page 26
Sophie Laliberté, Philippe Marchand. En rafale : sur quoi nos chercheurs travaillent-ils? 2019. Le Couvert Boréal (édition printemps), page 21
Maurane Bourgouin-Couture, Sophie Laliberté, Philippe Marchand. À la recherche des géants discrets : la télédétection par laser (LIDAR) saura-t-elle déterminer les diversités des mousses en forêt exploitée? 2019. Le Couvert Boréal (édition printemps), pages 14-15
Jenny Zambrano, Nathan G. Swenson, Philippe Marchand. Local neighbourhood and regional climatic contexts interact to explain tree performance. 2017. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 284(1855)
DOI : 10.1098/rspb.2017.0523
Tree neighbourhood modelling has significantly contributed to our understanding of the mechanisms structuring communities. Investigations into the impact of neighbouring crowding on tree performance have generally been conducted at local scales, missing important regional-scale context such as the suitability of the climate for each species. Favourable climates may enhance tree performance, but this may come at the cost of increased neighbourhood crowding and competition negatively impacting survival and growth. Through the synthesis of continental-scale forest inventory and trait datasets from the northeast USA and Puerto Rico we present an analytical approach that elucidates the important interactions between local competitive and regional climatic contexts. Our results show strong asymmetries in competitive interactions and significant niche differences that are dependent on habitat suitability. The strong interaction between local neighbourhood and regional climate highlights the need for models that consider the interaction between these two processes that have been previously ignored.
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Anoj Subedi, Philippe Marchand, Yves Bergeron, Hubert Morin, Miguel Montoro Girona. Climate warming reduces black spruce growth during an outbreak period 15e colloque annuel du CEF, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec (2022-09-28)
Maxence Soubeyrand, Philippe Marchand, Fabio Gennaretti, Anthony Taylor, Loïc D'Orangeville, Olivier Blarquez, Yves Bergeron. Modélisation du comportement des peuplements de feuillus tempérés dans une matrice coniférienne Conférence annuelle de l’Association Botanique Canadienne. Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, Québec. (2022-06-06)
Marc-Frédéric Indorf, Philippe Marchand, Yves Bergeron. Analyse et modélisation des dynamiques des cortèges de bryophytes et trachéophytes des tourbières du nord-ouest du Québec 3e colloque annuel de la Chaire industrielle CRSNG-UQAT sur la biodiversité en contexte minier. Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, Québec. (2022-04-22)
Maxence Soubeyrand, Anthony Taylor, Loïc D'Orangeville, Olivier Blarquez, Philippe Marchand. Modélisation du comportement des peuplements de feuillus tempérés dans une matrice coniférienne 23e colloque de la Chaire AFD. Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (2021-12-07)
Anoj Subedi, Miguel Montoro Girona, Philippe Marchand, Yves Bergeron, Hubert Morin. Comment la tordeuse des bourgeons de l'épinette affecte la croissance des arbres ? une approche dendrochronologique et climatique 23e colloque de la Chaire AFD. Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (2021-12-07)
Supun Madhumadhawa Pawuluwage, Philippe Marchand. Facteurs influant la facilitation entre les espèces d'arbres boréaux pendant le processus de régénération dans un site post-minier 3e colloque annuel de la Chaire industrielle CRSNG-UQAT sur la biodiversité en contexte minier. Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, Québec. (2021-04-21)
Christine Tatiana Corredor Durango, Osvaldo Valeria, Philippe Marchand. La distribution spatiale de la paludification analysée sous toutes ses coutures 22e colloque de la Chaire AFD. Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, complètement virtuel (2020-12-02)
Judicaël Osse, Philippe Marchand, Miguel Montoro Girona. Prédire la propagation des épidémies de la tordeuse des bourgeons de l’épinette dans un contexte de changements climatiques 22e colloque de la Chaire AFD. Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, complètement virtuel (2020-12-02)
Anoj Subedi, Miguel Montoro Girona, Philippe Marchand, Hubert Morin, Marie-Josée Fortin. Understanding complex interactions in forest ecosystems : Impact of climate on the defoliation of black spruce by the spruce budworm 22e colloque de la Chaire AFD. Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, complètement virtuel (2020-12-02)
Louis Imbeau, Lise Jaton, Osvaldo Valeria, Philippe Marchand, Nicole J. Fenton. Détection des milieux humides : une approche régionale adaptée à l’Abitibi 21e colloque de la Chaire AFD. Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, Québec. (2019-11-30)
Christine Tatiana Corredor Durango, Osvaldo Valeria, Philippe Marchand. Effects of time since fire, slope and surface deposits influencing paludification processes in the boreal forests of Quebec, Canada 21e colloque de la Chaire AFD. Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, Québec. (2019-11-30)
Philippe Marchand, Miguel Montoro Girona, Mathieu Bouchard, Élise Filotas, Hubert Morin, Louis De Grandpré, Yves Bergeron, Pierre Therrien, Anouschka R. Hof, Matthew Duveneck. Projections de l’activité de la tordeuse des bourgeons de l’épinette dans un contexte de changement climatique 21e colloque de la Chaire AFD. Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, Québec. (2019-11-30)
